Sodium Deoxycholate
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Basic information
Product Name: Sodium Deoxycholate
IUPAC Name: Sodium (3α,5β,12α)-3,12-dihydroxy-24-oxocholan-24-olate
CAS No.: 302-95-4
Molecular Formula: C₂₄H₄₁NaO₄
Physicochemical Properties:
Parameter |
Value/Description |
Appearance |
White powder |
Melting Point |
357-365°C |
Solubility |
>100 mg/mL in water (forms micellar solutions) |
Quality Standard: CP2020,JP,Customer Made
Specification
Test Items |
Standard |
Sodium Deoxycholate (CAS: 302-95-4) |
98% by HPLC |
Loss on drying |
≤5.0% |
Residue on ignition |
≤18% |
Natural Source
1-5% in human bile, up to 10 mM in colon.
Surfactant Property
CMC 2-4 mM (stronger than sodium cholate, 6-10 mM).
Multifunctionality
From fat digestion aid to anticancer drug carrier.
1.Molecular Target Network
Activation of Nuclear Receptors
FXR Regulates Bile Acid Synthesis
LXRα Promotes Cholesterol Efflux
Effects on Cell Membrane
Increase Membrane Fluidity
Induce Apoptosis (Mitochondrial Pathway)
2. Pharmacokinetics
Absorption
>95% ileal absorption (ASBT-dependent).
Distribution
Enterohepatic circulation; CSF penetration <1%.
Metabolism
Gut microbiota 7α/β-epimerization.
Excretion
98% fecal (t₁/₂=4-6h).
Indications & Protocols
Application |
Formulation |
Evidence |
Subfat Dissolution |
20 mg/mL local injection |
2.8 mm submental fat reduction* |
Drug Solubilization |
0.5% injectable excipient |
↑25× docetaxel solubility |
Research Use |
0.1% cell lysis buffer |
>90% membrane protein yield |
*Multicenter RCT (n=500)
Special Populations
Hepatic Impairment: Reduce dose 50% (Child-Pugh B).
Pediatrics: Topical only (systemic safety unconfirmed).
Dosage and Administration
Formulations
Injection: 10% aqueous solution (pH 8.0-9.5).
Topical: Kybella® (20 mg/mL).
Reagent: Molecular biology grade (≥99%).
Dosing Guidelines
Use |
Dose |
Course |
Fat Dissolution |
2 mg/cm²/session |
≥1mo intervals |
Drug Excipient |
0.1-1.0% w/v |
Drug-dependent |
Cell Lysis |
0.5% in PBS |
On ice |
Adverse Reactions
System |
Incidence |
Management |
Injection Site |
20% |
Ice packs |
Liver Dysfunction |
<0.5% |
Discontinue |
Allergy |
0.1% |
Epinephrine |
Contraindications & Interactions
Absolute CI:
Cholestatic liver disease.
Pregnancy (potential teratogenicity).
Cautions:Cyclosporine: ↑30% plasma concentration (competes biliary excretion).
Research Progress Green max
1.Novel Formulations
Thermosensitive Gel: 37℃ phase transition for sustained release (Patent WO202311688).
Nanomicelles: ↑50% drug loading (>95% paclitaxel encapsulation).
2.New Indications
NAFLD: Modulates FXR-SHP pathway (Phase II trials).
Alzheimer’s: Reduces Aβ plaques (40%↓ in animals).
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