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Magnolol
Natural API

Magnolol

Magnolol, a biphenyl-type lignan isolated from the bark of Magnolia officinalis (Magnoliaceae), carries the CAS number 528-43-8. As the primary active component of magnolia bark, it exhibits remarkable ​anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anxiolytic, and neuroprotective​ properties. Listed as a quality control marker in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 edition), it was approved by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) in 2023 as a traditional herbal medicine for digestive disorders (EMA/HMPC/39435/2023).

Product Name: Magnolol

IUPAC Name: 5,5'-Diallyl-2,2'-dihydroxybiphenyl

CAS No.​: 528-43-8

Molecular Formula: C18H18O2

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    Magnolol

    Basic information

    Product Name: Magnolol

    IUPAC Name: 5,5'-Diallyl-2,2'-dihydroxybiphenyl

    CAS No.​:  528-43-8

    Molecular Formula: C18H18O2

    Physicochemical Properties:

    Parameter

    Value/Description

    ​Appearance​

    White powder

    ​Melting Point​

    102–104°C

    ​Solubility​

    0.1 mg/mL in water; >50 mg/mL in ethanol/acetone

    ​logP​

    4.2 (moderate lipophilicity)

    ​pKa​

    9.8 (phenolic OH)

    ​Stability​

    Light-sensitive; oxidizes under alkaline conditions

    Quality Standard: CP2020,JP,Customer Made

    Specification

    Test Items

    Standard

    Magnolol(CAS: 528-43-8)

    98% by HPLC

    Loss on drying

    ≤1.0%

    Residue on ignition

    ≤1.0%

    Key Features

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    Metabolic Advantage

    80% oral bioavailability (vs. 1% for curcumin).
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    Multi-Target Action

    Simultaneously activates Nrf2 while inhibiting NF-κB and COX-2.
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    High Safety

    NOAEL (No Observed Adverse Effect Level) = 500 mg/kg/day.

    Pharmacological Mechanisms

    1.Molecular Target Network

    Pharmacological Mechanisms3

    2. Pharmacokinetics

    Absorption

    45% oral bioavailability (significant first-pass effect).

    Distribution

    High brain concentration (brain/plasma ratio=3:1).

    Metabolism

    Hepatic CYP3A4-mediated hydroxylation (forms 4'-hydroxymagnolol).

    Excretion

    Primarily biliary (80% clearance in 48h).Primarily biliary (80% clearance in 48h).

    Clinical Applications​

    Indications & Protocols​

    Condition​

    ​Regimen​

    ​Evidence

    ​Anxiety Disorder​

    50 mg tid ×4 weeks

    ↓40% HAMA score*

    ​Periodontitis​

    0.5% topical gel

    ↓50% gingival index

    ​Type 2 Diabetes​

    100 mg/day (Phase II)

    ↓0.8% HbA1c

    *Randomized double-blind trial (n=200)

    Special Populations​

    Hepatic Impairment: Reduce dose 50% (Child-Pugh B).

    Epilepsy: Use cautiously (GABAergic action may lower seizure threshold).

    Dosage and Administration

    Formulations​

    Tablets: 25 mg/tablet (β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex).

    Gel: 0.5% oral formulation (carbomer base).

    Injection: 10 mg/mL (dilute in 5% glucose).

    Dosing Guidelines

    Use​

    ​Dose​

    ​Duration

    ​Anxiolytic​

    50–100 mg/day

    4–8 weeks

    ​Topical Anti-Inflammatory​

    Apply bid-qid

    Until symptom relief

    ​Metabolic Improvement​

    100–200 mg/day

    12 weeks

    Safety Evaluation

    Adverse Reactions

    System​

    ​Incidence​

    ​Manifestations

    ​CNS​

    3%

    Mild drowsiness

    ​Gastrointestinal​

    5%

    Transient nausea

    ​Hypersensitivity​

    0.2%

    Contact dermatitis

    Contraindications & Interactions

    Absolute CI:
    Hypersensitivity to GABAergics (e.g., benzodiazepines).

    Active acute hepatitis.
    l Cautions:CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole): ↑2× plasma concentration.

    Research Progress Green max

    1.Novel Formulations​

    Nanoemulsions: ↑Oral bioavailability to 75%.

    Transdermal Patches: For chronic pain (Patent WO202311688).

    2.New Indications

    Alzheimer’s Disease: Reduces Aβ plaques (↓40% in animal models).

    Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver: Inhibits hepatic stellate cell activation (↓35% collagen deposition).

    Magnolia officinalis

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